Order n

2

3

4

5

10

25

1. Explicit Formula N ≈ (n − 1) n!

2

12

72

480

32,659,200

3.72 × 10²⁶

2. Method of Cofactors N ≈ 2 n!

2

9

40

205

7,257,600

3.10 × 10²⁵

3. Product of Pivots N ≈ n³/3

4

13

24

45

342

5233