| Control factor | Levels | ||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| A. Substrate matrix | Ductile | Gray |
|
| B. Travel speed, mm∙s−1 | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| C. Accelerating voltage, V | 10 | 25 | 50 |
| D. Electrical current, mA | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| E. Melted width, mm | 5 | 15 | 20 |
| F. Beam oscillation | Line | Circle | Ellipse |
| G. Post-heat treatment temperature, ˚C | 25 | 150 | 300 |
| Signal factor |
|
|
|
| M. Electron beam scanning width | | | |