STRONG COUPLING

WEAK COUPLING

CHARACTERISTICS

Characterizes a system whose constituent elements are in close interaction and can hardly be dissociated.

The components of the system are interdependent; the level of interdependence between them is relatively constant.

Rules exist to ensure the functioning of the system; a consensus exists on these rules; the conformity of the system is regularly subject to evaluation.

Characterizes a system that is simultaneously open and closed, rational and indeterminate, deliberate and emergent.

The elements of the system are interdependent but also subject to spontaneous change and indeterminacy.

The degree of interdependence linking the elements of the system is variable and can be located at different levels of the organization.

EXPECTED BENEFITS