Pays

ADF

LM

RALS-LM

τ ADF

τ LM

Val critLM

Break

τ RALS-LM

ρ RALS-LM 2

Break

Angola

−2.468

−4.469

−6.978

−6.288

−5.998

2000:03

2008:02

−6.304***

0.567

2003:04 2008:01

Burundi

−2.292

−4.406

−6.932

−6.175

−5.825

2000:01

2005:04

−4.072

0.711

1995:04 1996:03

CAR

−2.525

−4.014

−6.821

−6.166

−5.832

2004:04

2009:04

−4.785***

0.737

2007:04 2008:03

Cameroon

−2.289

−4.459

−7.196

−6.312

−5.893

1997:04

2004:03

−3.333

0.689

2000:03 2006:04

D. R. Congo

−2.775

−4.718

−6.978

−6.288

−5.998

2002:04

2009:04

−4.833***

0.658

1997:04 1998:03

Congo

−3.016

−6.105*

−6.821

−6.166

−5.832

2004:04

2011:01

−7.426***

0.683

2004:04 2011:01

Gabon

−2.150

−4.565

−6.978

−6.288

−5.998

2003:04

2010:02

−7.383***

0.689

2007:04 2010:01

Equatorial Guinea

−3.632**

−5.526

−6.932

−6.175

−5.825

1998:04

2006:01

−5.440***

0.768

1994:04 1995:03

Rwanda

−2.166

−5.104

−6.821

−6.166

−5.832

2004:04

2010:02

−7.008***

0.771

2007:04 2008:03

Sao Tome and Principe

−1.543

−5.756

−6.978

−6.288

−5.998

2000:04

2007:02

−6.459***

0.581

2000:04 2001:03

Chad

−2.225

−4.931

−6.932

−6.175

−5.825

2005:04

2011:04

−3.497

0.761

2011:04 2012:03

Level of sig

Val critADF

1% (***)

5% (**)

10% (*)

−4.059

−3.458

−3.154