Variable | Groups | N | Mean | SD | SE | Mean difference | t | p | Cohen’s d effect size |
Negative Appraisal | Non-tortured | 379 | 13.06 | 10.07 | .52 | −7.58 | −6.88 | .000 | .68 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 20.64 | 12.18 | 1.10 | |||||
CSTO | Non-tortured | 379 | 6.75 | 4.38 | .23 | −4.13 | −7.97 | .000 | .84 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 10.88 | 5.18 | .47 | |||||
PTG | Non-tortured | 379 | 55.74 | 19.87 | 1.02 | 2.18 | 1.07 | .287 | .11 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 53.56 | 19.39 | 1.75 | |||||
Identity Salience | Non-tortured | 379 | 19.54 | 8.43 | .43 | −1.98 | −2.16 | .031 | .23 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 21.52 | 9.92 | .90 | |||||
PTSD | Non-tortured | 379 | 21.74 | 17.22 | .89 | −4.20 | −2.37 | .019 | .24 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 25.93 | 16.99 | 1.53 | |||||
PTSD Re-experiencing | Non-tortured | 379 | 8.09 | 6.79 | .35 | −.32 | −.49 | .645 | .05 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 8.41 | 6.15 | .56 | |||||
PTSD Avoidance | Non-tortured | 379 | 4.55 | 4.07 | .21 | −.19 | −.49 | .641 | .05 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 4.75 | 3.75 | .34 | |||||
PTSD Arousal | Non-tortured | 379 | 4.63 | 4.75 | .25 | −1.83 | −3.74 | .000 | .38 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 6.45 | 4.68 | .43 | |||||
PTSD Dissociation | Non-tortured | 379 | 4.45 | 4.63 | .24 | −1.89 | −3.70 | .000 | .40 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 6.34 | 4.99 | .45 | |||||
PCTD | Non-tortured | 379 | 19.96 | 11.746 | .61 | −4.87 | −3.93 | .000 | .41 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 24.82 | 12.28 | 1.11 |
| ||||
PCTD-Depression/ Anxiety/Somatization comorbidity cluster | Non-tortured | 379 | 5.41 | 2.92 | .151 | −.40 | −.90 | .369 | .12 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 5.81 | 4.59 | .411 | |||||
PCTD-Executive control cluster | Non-tortured | 379 | 3.58 | 2.83 | .159 | −.91 | −3.17 | .002 | .33 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 4.49 | 2.72 | .25 | |||||
PCTD-Psychoticism- Dissociation cluster | Non-tortured | 379 | 3.01 | 2.88 | .15 | −1.36 | −4.41 | .000 | .46 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 4.37 | 3.14 | .29 | |||||
PCTD-Suicidality cluster | Non-tortured | 379 | 2.12 | 2.83 | .15 | −.98 | −3.28 | .001 | .35 |
Torture Survivors | 123 | 3.11 | 3.05 | .28 |