1st year

2nd year

3rd year

fall

spring

fall

spring

fall

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

interest score

0.05 ± 0.94

0.01 ± 1.00

−0.09 ± 1.02

−0.02 ± 1.00

0.05 ± 1.02

quantitative learning score

0.18 ± 0.92

−0.17 ± 0.80

−0.05 ± 0.89

−0.13 ± 0.86

0.18 ± 0.98

spring of 2nd and 3rd, fall of 2nd < fall of 1st and 3rd

quality of learning score

0.15 ± 0.77

−0.02 ± 0.80

−0.07 ± 0.84

−0.04 ± 0.84

−0.04 ± 0.86

spring of 2nd and 3rd, fall of 2nd < fall of 1st