Parameters

Definition

Values

References

Child

Adult

C

Metals concentration in dust

inhR

Inhalation rate

7.6 m3/day

20 m3/day

[29]

ingR

Ingestion rate

200 mg/day

100 mg/day

[30]

EF

Exposure frequency

180 days/year

[29]

ED

Exposure duration

6 years

24 years

[31]

AT

Averaging time

ED × 365 days (for non-carcinogenic), 25,550 days (for carcinogenic)

PEF

Particle emission factor

1.36 × 109 m3/kg

SA

Exposed skin area

2800 cm2

5700 cm2

SAF

Skin adherence factor

0.2 mg/cm2/day

0.07 mg/cm2/day

DAF

Dermal absorption factor

0.001

[10]

ABW

Average body weight

15 kg

70 kg

[32]

CR

Contact rate

(inhR or ingR or SA × SAF × DAF)

[27]