qt

[mmol/g]

adsorption capacity of resin at time t

C0

[mmol/L]

initial concentration

V0

[L]

initial solution volume

Cn

[mmol/L]

remaining solution concentration

Vn

[L]

remaining volume

Ci

[mmol/L]

taken solution sample concentration

Vi

[L]

taken solution sample volume

W

[g]

resin weight

q e

[mmol/g]

equilibrium adsorption capacity for adsorbent

q t

[mmol/g]

adsorption capacity for adsorbent at time t

k 1

[g/mmol・h]

rate constant for the Lagergren equation

k 2

[g2/mmol2・h]

rate constant for the pseudo-second order equation

h1

[1/h]

initial rate of pseudo-first order equation

h2

[1/h]

initial rate of pseudo-second order equation

α

[mmol/g・h]

initial adsorption rate of Elovish equation

β

[g/mmol]

desorption constant

F

[%]

ion exchange degree

R2

correlation coefficient

Ea

[kJ/mol]

activation energy

Δ S

[J/mol・K]

activation entropy change

K

[J/K]

Boltzmann constant

h

Plank constant

k i d

[mmol/g・min0.5]

internal diffusion rate constant

C

intercept

r0

[cm]

particle radius

D p

[cm2/min]

pore diffusion coefficient

D f

[cm2/min]

film diffusion coefficient

δ

[cm]

film thickness

t 1 / 2

[min]

time for reaching halfway of adsorption capacity

C ¯

[mmol/L]

solute quantity adsorbed by adsorbent particles

Subscripts

cal

calculated

exp

experimental