Mycotoxin | Major foods | Species | Health effects | LD (mg/Kg) |
Aflatoxins | Maize, groundnuts, figs, tree nuts, (aflatoxins M1 secreted by cow after metabolism of aflatoxin B1), milk, milk products) | Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus parasiticus | Hepatotoxic, carcinogenic | 0.5 (dog) 9.0 (mouse) |
Cyclopiazonic acid | Cheese, maize, groundnuts, rodo millet | Aspergillus flavus Penicillium aurantiogriseum | Convulsions | 36 (rat) |
Deoxynivalenol | Cereals | Fusarium Graminearum | Vomiting, Food refusal | 70 (mouse) |
T-2 toxins | Cereals | Fusarium sporotrichioides | Alimentary toxic aleuki | 4 (rat) |
Ergotamine | Rye | Claviseps purpurea | Neurotoxin | |
Fumonisins | Maize | Fusarium moniliforme | Eusophesial cancer | |
Ochratoxin | Maize, cereals, coffee beans | Aspergillus Ochraceus Penicillium verrucosum | Nephotoxic | 20 - 30 (rat) |
Palutin | Apple juice, damaged apple | Penicillium expansum | Edema, hemorrhage, possibly cancer | 35 (mouse) |
Penitrem | Walnuts | Penicillium aurantiogriseum | Tremors | 1 - 0.5 (mouse) |
Sterigmatocystin | Cereals, coffee, beans, cheese | Aspergillus versicolor | Hepatotoxic cancer | 166 (rat) |
Tenuazonic acid | Tomato paste | Alternaria tenuis | Convulsions, hemorrhage | 81 (female mouse) 186 (female mouse) |
Zearalenone | Maize, barley, Wheat | Fusarium Graminearum | Oestrogenic | Not acutely toxic |