Mycotoxin

Major foods

Species

Health effects

LD (mg/Kg)

Aflatoxins

Maize, groundnuts, figs, tree nuts, (aflatoxins M1 secreted by cow after metabolism of aflatoxin B1), milk, milk products)

Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus parasiticus

Hepatotoxic, carcinogenic

0.5 (dog) 9.0 (mouse)

Cyclopiazonic acid

Cheese, maize, groundnuts, rodo millet

Aspergillus flavus Penicillium aurantiogriseum

Convulsions

36 (rat)

Deoxynivalenol

Cereals

Fusarium Graminearum

Vomiting, Food refusal

70 (mouse)

T-2 toxins

Cereals

Fusarium sporotrichioides

Alimentary toxic aleuki

4 (rat)

Ergotamine

Rye

Claviseps purpurea

Neurotoxin

Fumonisins

Maize

Fusarium moniliforme

Eusophesial cancer

Ochratoxin

Maize, cereals, coffee beans

Aspergillus Ochraceus Penicillium verrucosum

Nephotoxic

20 - 30 (rat)

Palutin

Apple juice, damaged apple

Penicillium expansum

Edema, hemorrhage, possibly cancer

35 (mouse)

Penitrem

Walnuts

Penicillium aurantiogriseum

Tremors

1 - 0.5 (mouse)

Sterigmatocystin

Cereals, coffee, beans, cheese

Aspergillus versicolor

Hepatotoxic cancer

166 (rat)

Tenuazonic acid

Tomato paste

Alternaria tenuis

Convulsions, hemorrhage

81 (female mouse) 186 (female mouse)

Zearalenone

Maize, barley, Wheat

Fusarium Graminearum

Oestrogenic

Not acutely toxic