| Explanatory Variables | Category | Case | Control |
| Maternal Age Group | <18 yrs | 1 | 7 |
| 18 - 35 yrs | 119 | 239 | |
| >35 yrs | 11 | 11 | |
| Religion | ortodox | 63 | 133 |
| catholic | 9 | 11 | |
| protestant | 13 | 32 | |
| Muslim | 46 | 89 | |
| Maternal Occupation | employee | 20 | 31 |
| Farmer | 15 | 27 | |
| Merchant | 11 | 24 | |
| housewife | 85 | 183 | |
| Maternal Educational Status | Had formal education | 90 | 170 |
| Had no formal education | 41 | 95 | |
| Maternal Level of Education | Primary | 61 | 100 |
| Secondary | 7 | 45 | |
| Diploma | 9 | 12 | |
| Degree and above | 13 | 13 | |
| Paternal Educational Status | Had formal education | 101 | 197 |
| Had no formal education | 30 | 67 | |
| Paternal Level of Education | Primary | 46 | 103 |
| Secondary | 26 | 55 | |
| Diploma | 9 | 10 | |
| Degree and above | 20 | 29 | |
| Paternal Occupation | Employee | 38 | 56 |
| Farmer | 70 | 137 | |
| Merchant | 13 | 51 | |
| Other | 10 | 20 |