#

Process

Operation

Diesel/Electrical energy consumption

Energy (MJ/kg)

1

Excavation of TBS

Usually soil is excavated using diesel-operated excavators, which are typically operated over a shift of 8 hours per day. In 8 hours, the soil is excavated and loaded into a truck at the rate of 12 loads per hour for about 90 times into a truck of capacity 14.0 cum. Total output = 12 × 14 = 168 cum/hour

Diesel consumption per hour = 30 liters. Therefore, diesel required per cum = 30/168 = 0.178 lt/cum

Assuming bulk density of TBS is 1300 kg/m³ and

[Fuel combustion energy for diesel is 35.8 MJ/lt [2] ]

0.029 MJ/kg

Transportation of TBS

Diesel required for transportation over a distance of approximately 50 km, at mileage of 5 km/lt: 50/5 = 10 liters

(Assuming a truck load is equivalent to 11.0 cum)

10/11 = 0.91 lt/cum

Total diesel required

1.087 lt/cum

2

Brick bats procurement from demolished buildings

Assuming 50 cum debris can be extracted per day (8 hours working) using diesel operated hydraulic breakers/pneumatic breakers. Diesel consumption per hour = 30 liters.

Diesel consumption = 240 lt/day and

240/50 = 4.8 lt/cum

Assuming bulk density of brick-powder 1200 kg/m³

[Fuel combustion energy for diesel is 35.8 MJ/lt [2] ]

0.251 MJ/kg

Transportation of bricks to crusher

Diesel required for transportation of bricks from demolition site to crusher over a distance of approximately 20 km at mileage of 5 km/lt 20/5 = 4 liters

(Assuming a truck load is equivalent to 11.0 cum)

4/11 = 0.36 lt/cum

Total diesel required

5.16 lt/cum

Primary & secondary crushing of bricks

Energy required for primary and secondary crushing of bricks to a size less than 90 µ

0.0978 MJ/kg [13]

3

Slaked lime

Energy required for blending of 5 kg slaked lime with BP in wet grinder for 30 minutes. 375 Watt hour electrical energy is consumed.

i.e. 375 × 12.44 = 4665/1000 = 4.665/5 = 0.93 MJ/kg

5.63 MJ/kg [2] + 0.93 MJ/kg = 6.56 MJ/kg

4

LPC

Energy for inter-grinding of 5 kg of LPC + BP + TBS for 30 minutes in Ball mill. 375 Watt hour electrical energy is consumed

i.e. 375 × 12.44 = 1350/1000 = 4.665/5 kg = 0.93 MJ/kg.

2.5 MJ/kg [3] + 0.93 MJ/kg = 3.43 MJ/kg

5

NaOH

Energy for the production of NaOH

-

20.5 MJ/kg [4]

6

Na₂SiO₃

Energy for the production of Na₂SiO₃

-

5.36 MJ/kg [5]