Pre-Reform

African-American

White

X

SD

X

SD

Human Capital

College

68%

69%

Post-College

61%

58%

Health Problems

23%

21%

Years in Labor Force

14.3

3.3

16.5

3.1

Job/Labor Market

Unionized

20%

22%

Public Sector

23%

27%

Family/Household

Married

46%

47%

Children

2.7

1.3

2.5

1.2

Sociodemographic

South

24%

20%

Age

36.7

4.2

37.5

3.6

Early Reform

African-American

White

X

SD

X

SD

Human Capital

College

70%

67%

Post-College

64%

61%

Health Problems

21%

21%

Years in Labor Force

14.4

2.9

14.2

2.7

Job/Labor Market

Unionized

18%

19%

Public Sector

24%

24%

Family/Household

Married

53%

1.1

57%

1.3

Children

2.4

2.3

Sociodemographic

South

20%

2.5

18%

2.3

Age

37.8

38.4

Later Reform

African-American

White