Mode of action | Antibiotic class | Antibiotics | Escherichia coli, n = 14 (Vandeikya) | Escherichia coli, n = 20 (Otukpo) | Escherichia coli, n = 28 (Makurdi) | ||||||
S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | |||
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors | Penicillins | AMP | 0 (0) | 4 (28.6) | 10 (71.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (20) | 16 (80) | 0 (0) | 3 (10.7) | 25 (89.3) |
Cephalosporins | FOX | 4 (28.6) | 3 (21.4) | 7 (50) | 7 (35) | 4 (20) | 9 (45) | 10 (35.7) | 2 (7.1) | 16 (57.1) | |
| CTX | 12 (85.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | 11 (55) | 2 (10) | 7 (35) | 18 (64.3) | 4 (14.3) | 6 (21.4) | |
| CRO | 9 (64.3) | 1 (7.1) | 4 (28.6) | 5 (25) | 3 (15) | 12 (60) | 10 (35.7) | 7 (25) | 11 (39.3) | |
Carbapenem | IMI | 10 (71.4) | 1 (7.1) | 3 (21.4) | 10 (50) | 4 (20) | 6 (30) | 17 (60.7) | 4 (14.3) | 7 (25) | |
Monobactam | ATM | 0 (0) | 4 (28.6) | 10 (71.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (20) | 16 (80) | 0 (0) | 6 (21.4) | 22 (78.6) | |
β-lactams inhibitors | AUG | 8 (57.1) | 2 (14.3) | 4 (28.6) | 9 (45) | 3 (15) | 8 (40) | 15 (53.6) | 4 (14.3) | 9 (32.1) | |
Protein synthesis inhibitors | Aminogylcoside | G | 7 (50) | 1 (7.1) | 6 (42.9) | 9 (45) | 3 (15) | 8 (40) | 17 (60.7) | 4 (14.3) | 7 (25) |
S | 7 (50) | 2 (14.3) | 5 (35.7) | 12 (60) | 1 (5) | 7 (35) | 21 (75) | 0 (0) | 7 (25) | ||
Tetracycline | T | 7 (50) | 1 (7.1) | 6 (42.9) | 7 (35) | 2 (10) | 11 (55) | 13 (46.4) | 1 (3.6) | 14 (50) | |
Phenicol | C | 9 (64.3) | 0 (0) | 5 (35.7) | 8 (40) | 3 (15) | 9 (45) | 12 (42.9) | 8 (28.6) | 8 (28.6) | |
Folate pathway inhibitors | Sulfonamides | COT | 5 (35.7) | 2 (14.3) | 7 (50) | 8 (40) | 2 (10) | 10 (50) | 13 (46.4) | 2 (7.1) | 13 (46.4) |
Nucleic acid inhibitors | Quinolones | NA | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 4 (20) | 2 (10) | 14 (70) | 4 (14.3) | 4 (14.3) | 20 (71.4) |
CIP | 7 (50) | 1 (7.1) | 6 (42.9) | 5 (25) | 2 (10) | 13 (65) | 13 (46.4) | 4 (14.3) | 11 (39.3) | ||
OFX | 3 (21.4) | 2 (14.3) | 9 (64.3) | 5 (25) | 1 (5) | 14 (70) | 12 (42.9) | 1 (3.6) | 15 (53.6) | ||
LEV | 3 (21.4) | 3 (21.4) | 8 (57.1) | 2 (10) | 2 (10) | 16 (80) | 9 (32.1) | 4 (14.3) | 15 (53.6) | ||
Nitrofurans | NI | 9 (64.3) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (21.4) | 8 (40) | 4 (20) | 8 (40) | 14 (50) | 3 (10.7) | 11 (39.3) |