Material/Method

Pollutant/light source

Results

References

TiO2 (6 nm)/Sol-gel

Toluene (aqueous

media)/UV light

Conversion of toluene to CO2

was achieved up to 55%

[51]

TiO2-ZnO/Sol gel

Annealed at 380 C

Toluene (aqueous

media)/Visible light

45.7% after 2 hrs. of light irradiation

[52]

TiO2-ZnO/Sol gel

Annealed at 500

39.5% after 2 hrs. of light irradiation

N doped TiO2-ZnO/Sol-gel Annealed at 380 C

28.6% after 2 hrs. of light irradiation

N-TiO2/ZnO/Sol gel

Annealed at 500 C

12.9% after 2 hrs. of light irradiation

Without catalyst

73.2 % after 2 hrs. of visible light irradiation

TiO2-commercial P25

Toluene (aqueous

media)/UV light

60 hours to completely remove toluene from water

[53]

TiO2 dip coated on

Autoclaved aerated white concrete

Toluene (11 μg g-1) (air purification)/UV light

86% remediated after 20 hours

[54]

Rutile and anatase

TiO2/commercial

products

Naphthalene

(Acetonitrile/wate)/Visible light

Higher efficiency than anatase TiO2 particles for converting naphthalene to 2-formylcinnamaldehyde (is about only conversion)

[55]

TiO2

dispersions-commercial P25

Naphthalene (aqueous media)/Visible light

Feasible and fast within 30 min but for when

naphthalene is less than 4 ppm (no details are given)

[56]

TiO2-NiO/in situ-modified sol-gel

Naphthalene (aqueous media)/Visible light & UV light

1.5 to 2.5 faster than TiO2 (sol-gel) material for less than 20 ppm of naphthalene for time of more than 100 hours

[57]

G-TiO2/sol-gel

Toluene (aqueous

media)/only Visible light

90% in one h

(Present manuscript)

G-TiO2/sol-gel

Naphthalene/(aqueous media)/only Visible light

50% in 48 h

(Present manuscript)

G-TiO2/sol-gel

Diesel/(aqueous

media)/only Visible light

40% in 48 h

(Present manuscript)