No | Device | Use | Effect |
1 | Fuse | To provide interruption of permanent faults. | Causes further expansion of voltage transient due to delay in melting. |
2 | Relay | To isolate or change the state of an electric circuit. | Inability to recognize whether the fault is internal or external. |
3 | Oil Circuit Breaker | For Insulation and heat dissipation in the transformer. | Causes insulation flashover. |
4 | Disconnect Switch | To disconnect the power system when a failure occurs | Results in an electric arc that interrupts and reignites. |
5 | Recloser | To safeguard essential loads and isolate line difficulty. | Prone to interruption of non-faulted circuits and worsens reliability. |
6 | Load Break Switch | To allow specified currents to be made or broken. | Lack of short circuit breaking capability results in load interruption. |
7 | Bypass Switch | To allow voltage regulators to be bypassed and isolated for repairs. | Initial swing of voltage outside the acceptable range. |
8 | Gang Operated Switch | To operate more than one phase of the circuit at the same time. | Loses alignment easily thereby swinging the voltages. |
9 | Transformer | To step up or down the voltage to balance safety and efficiency. | Re-closure operations and tap changing on transformers disrupt the current flow. |
10 | Capacitor | To resist voltage changes. | Results in voltage transient in switching operation. |