Items

Initial Construct

Revised Construct

1) Family responsibilities

Family

Family

2) Childcare responsibilities

Family

Family

3) Balancing family life with work

Family

Family

4) Lack of financial reward

Work

Family

5) Lack of adequate income

Work

Family

6) Male dominance in the field

Work

Interpersonal

7) Gender discrimination

Work

Interpersonal

8) Male colleague attitude towards a female dentist

Work

Interpersonal

9) Patient attitude towards a female dentist

Work

Interpersonal

10) Inability to pursue post graduate education

Work

Environmental

11) Lack of dental facilities

Work

Environmental

12) Lack of leadership positions and promotion opportunities

Work

Environmental

13) Lack of effective mentoring

Work

Environmental

14) Lack of female role models

Work

Environmental

15) Lack of family-friendly policies in my institution)

Work

Social

16) Cultural stereotypes against women

Social

Social

17) My country’s customs and traditions

Social

Social

18) Societal beliefs that women have greater responsibility for their children

Social

Social

19) The traditional attitude of women as the weaker gender

Social

Social

20) Lack of safe public transportation

Transportation

Environmental

21) The geographical location of my workplace

Transportation

Environmental

22) Ban on women driving

Transportation

Environmental