| Items | Initial Construct | Revised Construct |
| 1) Family responsibilities | Family | Family |
| 2) Childcare responsibilities | Family | Family |
| 3) Balancing family life with work | Family | Family |
| 4) Lack of financial reward | Work | Family |
| 5) Lack of adequate income | Work | Family |
| 6) Male dominance in the field | Work | Interpersonal |
| 7) Gender discrimination | Work | Interpersonal |
| 8) Male colleague attitude towards a female dentist | Work | Interpersonal |
| 9) Patient attitude towards a female dentist | Work | Interpersonal |
| 10) Inability to pursue post graduate education | Work | Environmental |
| 11) Lack of dental facilities | Work | Environmental |
| 12) Lack of leadership positions and promotion opportunities | Work | Environmental |
| 13) Lack of effective mentoring | Work | Environmental |
| 14) Lack of female role models | Work | Environmental |
| 15) Lack of family-friendly policies in my institution) | Work | Social |
| 16) Cultural stereotypes against women | Social | Social |
| 17) My country’s customs and traditions | Social | Social |
| 18) Societal beliefs that women have greater responsibility for their children | Social | Social |
| 19) The traditional attitude of women as the weaker gender | Social | Social |
| 20) Lack of safe public transportation | Transportation | Environmental |
| 21) The geographical location of my workplace | Transportation | Environmental |
| 22) Ban on women driving | Transportation | Environmental |