Recommendations

Principal affecting factors

a)

The government should put in place mechanisms to integrate citizen’s views in all the phases of developing e-government projects.

Demographic

b)

When the government is designing and implementing e-government service related projects, emphasis should be put in place to ensure that the intended services are useful, easy to use, and responsive to the users’ enquiries.

Demographic and Technological

c)

As in b), the information provided by the intended e-government services should be available, accurate, reliable and accessible in a timely manner.

Demographic and Technological

d)

Government should put in place mechanisms to regularly evaluate government agencies based on citizens’ feedbacks.

Governmental

e)

To encourage local industry who understands better the country context, the government should support the start-ups business innovation platforms and small medium enterprises (SME) in grants, tax incentives, subsidized loans and procure their systems in line with government quality and standards criteria

Demographic and Technological

f)

The government should provide training programs and more seminars to citizen about benefits of e-government services and providing citizen with educational programs that will raise an awareness about online security and online protections.

Risk, Demographic and Governmental

g)

All stakeholders including policymakers, public officer, IT experts, private sectors, citizens should coordinate and work together to enact laws, policies, regulation, plans and guidelines that will set control to all e-services activities.

Demographic, Technological, Governmental and Risk

h)

The citizen’s privacy and security when they transacting online are key foundation to trust in e-government and critical factors for any system uptakes. Therefore, the government should build a trust mechanisms by investing seriously in area of computer defence and security.

Risk and Governmental

i)

With the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), the government could sponsor the fostering of this research in building intelligent advisory systems used as tools to reinforce citizens’ trust in e-government services based on automatic running of the hypothesis-testing algorithm described in Figure 9

Demographic, Technological, Governmental and Risk