Bureaucratic Factors | Loadings | Eigenvalue | % of Variance explained | Cumulative % Variance explained |
Component 1: Central Government Bureaucracy |
| 3.757 | 17.077 | 17.077 |
Central control of infrastructure procurement delaying construction projects | 0.695 |
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Lack of political commitment to decentralised infrastructure delivery | 0.577 |
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Lack of transparency in infrastructure project selection | 0.724 |
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Corruption in infrastructure procurement | 0.577 |
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|
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Component 2: Minimal Control of MMDAs |
| 3.002 | 13.647 | 30.725 |
Imposition of decisions | 0.751 |
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Slow implementation of decentralisation reforms | 0.792 |
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Regional controls | 0.641 |
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Component 3: Political Influence |
| 1.798 | 8.171 | 38.896 |
Political elite influence | 0.685 |
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Project location selection | 0.575 |
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Regime change | 0.750 |
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Manipulation of stakeholders | 0.709 |
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Use of inefficient political contractors for infrastructural project delivery | 0.709 |
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Line ministries’ resistance to decentralisation | 0.493 |
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Component 4: MMDA Project Funding |
| 1.739 | 7.903 | 46.799 |
Slow disbursement of project funding | 0.717 |
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Inadequate project financing | 0.550 |
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Complicated system of financial transfers to local governments | 0.706 |
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Component 5: Lack of capacity of MMDAs |
| 1.654 | 7.517 | 54.315 |
Poor coordination within the MMDAs | 0.615 |
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Lack of involvement of MMDAs in project selection | 0.686 |
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Inadequate control on tax bases for infrastructure delivery | 0.550 |
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Lack of stakeholders’ consultation on infrastructure provision policies | 0.683 |
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Component 6: Political Interference |
| 1.269 | 5.770 | 60.085 |
Control of appointments or promotions | 0.676 |
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Interference with legal mandate of MMDAs by MDAs | 0.835 |
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