Study group

Cement powder

(g)

MEPAR

(g)

Cement liquid

(mL)

DDM

(mL)

Powder-to-liquid ratio

(g∙mL−1)

Control

10.00

----

3.9

----

2.56

5MEPAR

8.00

0.42

3.3

----

2.55

15MEPAR

8.00

1.41

3.7

----

2.54

25MEPAR

8.00

2.67

4.2

----

2.54

1DDM

10.00

----

3.9

0.04

2.54

2DDM

10.00

----

3.8

0.08

2.58

3DDM

10.00

----

3.7

0.12

2.61