Names | Attachment (origin) | Attachment (insertion) | Actions |
Pubococcygeus | Anterior: superior pubic ramus and tendinous arch of pelvic fascia | Posterior: coccyx; anococcygeal ligament | Elevates pelvic floor; supports pelvic organs; moves rectum, vagina/prostate, urethra forward |
Pubovaginalis | Anterior: medial fibers of pubo-coccygeus | Posterior: sides and back of vagina; perineal body | Supports vagina; pulls vagina forward; vaginal sphincter |
Levator Prostate | Anterior: medial fibers of pubo-coccygeus | Posterior: sides and back of prostate; perineal body | Support prostate, pulls prostate up and forward |
Puborectalis | Anterior: thick medial band of fibers of pubo-coccygeus | Posterior: forms muscular sling with opposite side puborectalis at posterior anorectal junction | Elevates anorectal junction and holds junction anteriorly; sphincter action on rectum |
Iliococcygeus | Lateral: tendinous arch of the levator ani from upper obturator internus fascia; ischial spine | Medial and posterior: blends with fibers of the middle and posterior pubococcygeus; anococcygeal ligament; coccyx | Elevates pelvic floor; supports pelvic organs; moves vagina, prostate, urethra forward |
Coccygeus | Lateral: ischial spine; sacrospinous ligament | Medial: lower sacral and upper coccyx segments | Stabilizes coccyx; supports levator ani |
Compressor Urethrae | Female & Male: inferior pubic ramus | Female & Male: covers external urethral sphincter | Female & Male: urethral closure |
Urethral Vaginal Sphincter | Vagina | Covers urethra anteriorly | Urethral and vaginal closure |
External Anal Sphincter | Female & Male: Anterior: Perineal body | Female & Male: Posterior: anococcygeal ligament (raphe) | Female & Male: voluntary closure of the anus |
Obturator Internus | Pelvic side of obturator foramen | Medial greater trochanter | Fascia forms the tendinous arch of the levator ani; supports pelvic diaphragm; external rotation of the femur |
Piriformis | Ventral sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament | Superior aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur | Moves sacrum forward; external rotation of the femur with hip extended; internal rotation of the femur with the hip flexed greater than 90 degrees |