(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Children’s health

OLS

Multiple treatment effect

Panel fixed effect model

Panel tool variable fixed effect model

Father alone

0.217***

0.097**

0.109**

0.095***

0.087

0.113

(0.058)

(0.049)

(0.048)

(0.031)

(0.326)

(0.086)

Motherhood alone

0.036

0.040

0.024

0.002

0.483*

0.631

(0.123)

(0.123)

(0.099)

(3.507)

(0.250)

(0.498)

Both parents are self-employed

0.081*

0.085*

0.139**

0.175***

0.172*

0.169

(0.045)

(0.046)

(0.068)

(0.047)

(0.092)

(0.081)

Control variables

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant term

9.064***

8.909***

7.609***

4.768***

9.424***

7.827***

(1.321)

(1.237)

(0.868)

(0.339)

(0.838)

(0.919)

Sample size

1127

1138

1840

1127

1127

1127