Variable

% cesarean

Type of hospital

Public

Mixed

Private

PR (CI 95%)

Public

PR (CI 95%)

Mixed

PR (CI 95%)

Private

32.1%

44.4%

82.7%

Mother’s age (years)

≤19

23.5

34.7

73.0

0.67 (0.65 - 0.69)^*

0.73 (0.69 - 0.77)^*

0.89 (0.86 - 0.92)^*

20 to 34

32.7

44.7

82.6

1

1

1

35 and older

44.7

57.3

87.5

1.45 (1.41 - 1.48)^*

1.37 (1.31 - 1.44)^*

1.07 (1.05 - 1.09)^*

Schooling (years)

<4

31.3

40.4

76.1

1

1

1

4 to 11

31.6

44.5

81.2

0.99 (0.97 - 1.01) ^**

1.07 (1.02 - 1.11)^*

1.04 (1.01 - 1.07)^*

12 and more

40.3

53.9

86.7

1.13 (1.08 - 1.17)^**

1.17 (1.10 - 1.25)^*

1.07 (1.04 - 1.10)^*

Parity

Nulliparous

32.5

43.6

81.4

1.18 (1.15 - 1.21)^*

1.09 (1.05 - 1.13)^*

1.05 (1.04 - 1.07)^*

Multiparous

32.0

43.9

85.1

1

1

1

Grand multiparous

28.5

34.9

63.7

0.80 (0.77 - 0.83)^*

0.75 (0.70 - 0.82)^*

0.80 (0.75 - 0.85)^*

NB’s color

White

32.9

46.8

84.1

1.03 (1.02 - 1.05)^*

1.15 (1.09 - 1.19)^*

1.05 (1.03 - 1.06)^*

Non-white

31.2

38.9

78.4

1

1

1

Pregnancy

Single

31.2

43.5

82.6

1

1

1

Multiple

78.2

83.8

96.1

2.21 (2.11 - 2.31)^*

1.72 (1.57 - 1.88)^*

1.14 (1.10 - 1.18)^*

Gestational period

<37 weeks

31.1

43.6

83.2

1.27 (1.23 - 1.31)^*

1.07 (1.01 - 1.14)^*

1.04 (1.03 - 1.06)^*

37 and more

41.9

53.0

82.1

1

1

Prenatal appointments (n)

≤3

23.7

30.5

63.0

1

1

1

4 to 6

29.1

41.8

73.7

1.22 (1.17 - 1.28)^*

1.34 (1.24 - 1.46)^*

1.15 (1.06 - 1.24)^*

7 and more

34.5

47.4

84.2

1.44 (1.38 - 1.50)^*

1.72 (1.57 - 1.88)^*

1.28 (1.18 - 1.38)^*

Volume of hospital births (births/year)

Until 1000

43.6

53.0

84.0

1.35 (1.30 - 1.41)^*

1.18 (1.13 - 1.23)^*

1.03 (1.01 - 1.05)^*

1000 or more

31.6

42.5

82.9

1

1

1

Type of hospital

Public

1

1

1

Mixed

1.06 (1.03 - 1.09)^*

1.13 (1.09 - 1.18)^*

1.02 (1.00 - 1.03)^**