Studies

Study design

Country

Children exposed to ASM

Type of Antiseizure medication

ASD Diagnostic criteria of

Trimester of Exposure

NOS Quality

Bromley, et al. 2008 [9]

Population-based cohort study

UK

249 children

Valproic acid, lamotrigine and phenytoin

DSM-IV criteria

During pregnancy

8

Christensen et al. 2013 [10]

Population-based cohort study

Denmark

508

children

valproic acid

ICD-10 criteria

During pregnancy

9

Stadelmaier et al. 2017 [11]

Population-based Case-control study

USA

47 children

Valproic acid

ADI-R, ADOS and SCQ

First trimester

7

Wiggs et al. 2020 [12]

Population-based cohort study

Sweden

3316

children

valproic acid, lamotrigine, carbamazepine and any AEDs

ICD-10 criteria

First trimester

8

Wood et al. 2015 [13]

Population-based cohort study

Australia

105 children

valproic acid, carbamazepine and lamotrigine

DSM-IV criteria

During pregnancy

5

Rasalam et al. 2017 [14]

Population-based cohort study

Scotland

260 children

Valproic acid, Carbamazepine

DSM-IV criteria

During pregnancy

6

Bjork, et al. 2022 [15]

Population-based cohort study

Denmark Finland Norway and Sweden

24,825 children

Lamotrigine, Carbamazepine Valproate, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, Oxcarbazepine, Clonazepam, Levetiracetam, topiramate and Phenobarbital

ICD-10 criteria

During pregnancy

9

Bjork, et al. 2018 [18]

Population-based cohort study

Norway

335

children

valproate, oxcarbazepine, primidone, levetiracetam, gabapentin, Carbamazepine, clonazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, clobazam

M-CHAT And SCQ Criteria

First trimester

9

Bromley, et al. 2013 [19]

Population-based cohort study

UK

201 children

Valproate, lamotrigine Carbamazepine

N/A

During pregnancy

9

Veiby, et al. 2013 [20]

Population-based cohort study

Norway

333 children

Lamotrigine, valproate, oxcarbazepine, primidone, levetiracetam, gabapentin

Carbamazepine, clonazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, clobazam

MCHAT and ESAT

During pregnancy

8