Rock Mass Class | Support Recommendations | |||
Rock bolts | Shotcrete | Steel sets | ||
Class I Very good rock | No support required except spot rock bolting | |||
Class II Fair rock | 3 m long bolts in crown, spaced 2.5 m with occasional wire mesh | 50 mm in crown where required | None | |
Class III Poor rock | Systematic bolt 4 m long, spaced 1.5 - 2 m in crown and walls with wire mesh in crown | 50 - 100 mm in crown and 30 mm in sides | None | |
Class IV | Systematic bolt 4 - 5 m long, spaced 1 - 1.5 m in crown and walls with wire mesh | 100 - 150 mm in crown and 100 mm in sides | Light to medium ribs spaced 1.5 m where required | |
Class V Very poor rock | Systematic bolt 5 - 6 m long, spaced 1 - 1.5 m in crown and walls with wire mesh, bolts invert | 150 - 200 mm in crown and 150 mm in sides and 50 mm on the face | Medium to heavy ribs spaced 0.75 m with steel lagging and forepoling if required. Close invert | |