Alternatives

Criteria

Short description

Costs

Technical complexity solution

Social impact

Time for implementation

Environmental impact

Impact on irrigated area

Cooperation with India

Hydraulic measures

Q1

Raising embankments

+++

++

−−−

+++

+++

+++

−

Q2

Sleeper dikes

+

+++

++

++

−−

−

+++

Q3

Use of old Koshi channel

−−

++

−

−

−

−

−−

Q4

Flood storage

−

+

+

−

−

+

++

Q5

Koshi High Dam

−−−

−−

++

−−−

−−

−−−

+/−

Sediment control measures

S1

Reduction of upstream sediment supply

−−−

+++

−

−−−

+

−

+++

S2

Koshi High Dam

−−−

−−

+++

−−−

−−−

−

−−−

S3

Narrowing of river by permanent structures

−−

+++

−

−−

+++

+/−

−−

S4

Narrowing of river by recurrent measures

+/−

++

+/−

++

+++

++

−

S5

Dredging

−−−

+

−

+

++

−

−−

S6

Controlled flooding and sedimentation using old course

−−

−

++

−

−−

−

−−

S7

Controlled flooding, with deposition areas

−−

−−

−−−

−−

−−

−−

++

S8

Removing embankments and Koshi barrage

−−

+

+

−−

−−−

−−−

−−