| Causes of deaths | ERFAa + SEMSb (n = 31) | SEMS only (n = 36) |
| Liver failure | 23 | 27 |
| Bleeding | 2 | 4 |
| Biliary infection | 3 | 2 |
| Cachexia | 2 | 3 |
| Lung infection | 1 | 0 |