| study | Number of patients | Non-surgical management (%) | Survival (days) | % obstruction due to nonmalignant factors | % perioperative death rate |
| Larson, 1989 [38] | 19 | 0 | 102 | 5 | 16 |
| Rubin, 1989 [39] | 54 | 20 (37%) | 174 | 0 | 16 |
| Clarke-Pearson, 1987 [40] | 49 | 0 | 140 | 14 | 14 |
| Paganelli, 1990 [41] | 20 | 0 | 780 | 0 | 6 |
| Redman, 1988 [42] | 26 | 8 (30%) | 81 | 23 | 15 |
| Zoetmulder, 1994 [43] | 30 | na | na | 17 | 10 |
| Krebs, 1983 [44] | 98 | 12 (12.2%) | 88 | na | 12 |
| Piver, 1982 [45] | 60 | 18 (30%) | 75 | na | 15 |
| Tunca, 1981 [46] | 90 | na | 212 | 9 | 14 |
| Lund, 1989 [47] | 25 | na | 68 | na | 32 |
| Fernandes, 1988 [48] | 34 | na | 210 | na | na |
| Castaldo, 1981 [49] | 23 | na | na | na | 13 |
| Solomon, 1983 [50] | 21 | 14 | 243 | 14 | 5 |
| Jong, 1995 [51] | 53 | 49 (93%) | >60 | 0 | na |
| Bais, 1995 [52] | 19 | 11 (58%) | 109 | 0 | 22 |