Virus

Disease

Role of pyroptosis in virus-induced disease

References

SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19, Pneumonia, Severe acute Respiratory syndrome, Kidney failure.

Hematopoietic stem cell pyroptosis.

Levels of IL-1β and LDH were significantly increased in COVID-19 patients.

[38] - [49]

Hepatitis virus

Viral hepatitis, Liver fibrosis, Cirrhosis of the liver, Hepatic carcinoma.

HBeAg inhibits pyroptosis.

HCV causes pyroptosis.

Inhibition of NLRP3 relieves acute liver failure induced by viral hepatitis and

inhibit pyroptosis.

[57] [58] [59] [60] [61]

Influenza virus

Influenza

H5N1 acts on galectin-3 and activates NLRP3, promoting pyroptosis in the lungs and triggering inflammation.

[50] [51] [52]

HIV

AIDS

HIV destroys immune system by causing pyroptosis of CD4⁺ T cells.

[53] [54] [55] [56]

DENV

Dengue haemorrhagic fever, Dengue shock syndrome.

Dengue virus causes pyroptosis of monocytes and macrophage.

[62] [63]

Enterovirus

HFMD, Myocarditis, Pancreatitis, Meningitis

EV71 and CVB3 induce pyroptosis via caspase 1-GSDMD pathway.

[64] [65]

Other viruses

Hydrophobia, Enterogastritis

Rabies virus activates pyroptosis via caspase 1-GSDMD pathway.

[66] [67]