Type | Example | Application |
Static linear equations |
| Transmission through component |
: Power (W); L: Coefficient of static losses (W/˚C);: Difference between indoor and outdoor temperature (˚C); : Equivalent surface (m2);: Solar energy received by a vertical wall (W/m2),: Depends by the state of variables measured at the beginning and end of the period observational (W). | ||
: Heat transfer coefficient (W): Difference between the boundary and ambient temperature (˚C); h: Convective heat transfer coefficient (W/m2∙˚C) and A: heat transfer area of the surface (m2). | ||
Static nonlinear equations |
| Building simulation radiation exchange (walls and ceilings) |
: Emitted heat transfer rate (W);: Surface emissivity;: Stefan-Boltzmann constant () A: Radiation surface. | ||
Dynamic linear equation Ordinary differential equation |
Heat storage | Passive/active Energy storage |
: Thermal capacity (J/˚C) | ||
Dynamic linear equation Partial linear |
Heat conduction equation | Dynamic heat flux |
: Temperature at position x and time (t) and a: Thermal conductivity (W m−1∙˚C) |