| Author | Physician-related factors | Patient-related factors | Care system related factors |
| Phillips et al. 2001 | Overestimation of care provided Soft reasons Lack of education, training not centered on therapeutic goals Lack of familiarity with guidelines | Lack of enthusiasm for management of asymptomatic problems Previous experiences of drugs side effects | Bad training to medical practice |
| Scheen & Giet 2010 | Overestimation Knowledge problems ignorance or/and disagreement or/and complexity of recommendations | Adherence problems Too much medications and fear to add another drug | Solo medical practice |
| Kalafate et al. 2015 | 44.5% do not examine patients 25% do not adapt treatment | No following of lifestyle recommendations Cognitive disorders Side effects fear Disease denial Lack of confidence in physician | Bad organization of medical visits |