| Factors | Studies (n) | 95% CI | P value |
| Region |
|
| 0.1317 |
| Northwest | 3 | 0.4587 [0.0473; 0.9354] |
|
| Southwestern | 6 | 0.1809 [0.0829; 0.3506] |
|
| Southeastern | 5 | 0.2209 [0.0786; 0.4851] |
|
| South-south | 2 | 0.3296 [0.1324; 0.6129] |
|
| Multi-region | 2 | 0.3182 [0.0035; 0.9842] |
|
| Type of student |
|
| 0.4349 |
| General | 5 | 0.3163 [0.1308; 0.5872] |
|
| Health | 13 | 0.2398 [0.1468; 0.3663] |
|