Variables | Pioneers/innovators (n = 40) | Followers (n = 37) | Late adopters (n = 45) | Laggards/abandoners (n = 38) | Non-adopters (n = 144) |
Mean/Proportions | Mean/Proportion | Mean/Proportion | Mean/Proportion | Mean/Proportion | |
Sociodemographic and economic characteristics of the producer | |||||
Gender | 0.9 | 0.87 | 0.844 | 0.97 | 0.88 |
Head of household | 0.9 | 0.95 | 0.82 | 0.95 | 0.89 |
Age | 50.78 (13.80) | 48.84 (10.13) | 45.67 (10.65) | 45.15 (10.94) | 44.63 (13.19) |
Instruction | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.16 |
Literacy | 0.46 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.26 |
Production flow constraints | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.30 |
Organization | 0.30 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.34 | 0.10 |
Development projects access | 0.83 | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.53 | 0.14 |
Awareness, training, information | |||||
Agricultural advisor access frequency | 3.18 (2.05) | 1.30 (1.29) | 1.42 (1.91) | 0.66 (1.15) | 0.26 (1.04) |
Awareness | 0.08 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.083 |
Training | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.035 |
Household size | 12.83 (6.25) | 10.05 (3.94) | 10.40 (6.42) | 7.42 (8.55) | 7.79 (5.22) |
Transfers/remittances | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.29 | 0.15 |
Female household head | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.79 | 0.12 |
Insurance |
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Farms characteristics | |||||
Labor force | 3.25 (1.71) | 1.89 (1.49) | 2.09 (1.55) | 1.41 (1.07) | 1.56 (1.11) |
Animal traction | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.63 |
Number of maize plots | 2.55 (1.04) | 2.44 (0.70) | 2.05 (0.86) | 2.68 (1.38) | 2.23 (1.05) |
Soil constraints | 0.3 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.21 |
Food security | |||||
Children meals (−5 years old) | 3.38 (0.74) | 3.43 (0.50) | 3.18 (0.88) | 3.05 (1.07) | 3.17 (1.04) |
Adult meals | 3.08 (0.47) | 2.97 (0.16) | 2.09 (1.55) | 3 (0) | 2.99 (0.08) |
Meals number variation | 0.35 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0.06 |
Shocks | |||||
Death | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.035 |
Disease | 0.2 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.13 |
Losses | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.04 |