| Postoperative factors | LAMA/LABA group (n = 19) | Control group (n = 17) | COPD group (n = 18) | p value | |
| LAMA/LABA vs Control | COPD vs Control | ||||
| Postoperative complications | |||||
| Pneumonia | 1 | 2 | |||
| Athelectasis | 1 | ||||
| Recurrent nerve paralysis | 1 | 1 | |||
| Wound infection | 1 | 1 | |||
| Subcutaneous bleeding | 1 | ||||
| Subcutaneous emphysema | 1 | ||||
| Subcutaneous effusion | 1 | ||||
| Air leak | 7 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Drain detention time (day) | 3.6 ± 1.1 | 4.6 ± 2.8 | 5.5 ± 2.8 | 0.2327 | 0.2611 |
| Adhesion therapy | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Postoperative therapy | |||||
| Chemotherapy | 2 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Tegafur/Uracil (1) | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Stereotactic Radiosurgery + Gefitinib | 1 | ||||
| In-hospital death after the postoperative 30-days | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||