Demographic features

SLE patients(n = 48)

H. control (n = 20)

Male: Female ratio

1 (16.7%)/5 (83.3%)

1(50.0%)/1(50.0%)

Ages (mean)

31.5 ± 8.5 years

25.6 ± 4.4 years

Residence

Khartoum state

35 (72.9%)

(100.0%)

Outside Khartoum state

13 (27.1%)

0 (0.0%)

Disease duration/years

>5 years SLE onset

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