Physiological effects of physical training | |
Respiratory system | Circulatory system |
- Lung volume increases as a result of increase in vital capacity. - Breathing frequency is decreased in trained individuals. - Maximum minute ventilation is increased after training. - Tidal volume is also increased. - Physical exercises enhance ventilatory efficiency. - Diffusion capacity (gases exchange capacity) is increased. | - Internal size of the left ventricle increases. - The contraction ability or strength of the heart increases. - Resting heart rate decreases considerably. - Maximum heart rate, either remains unchanged or decreases slightly. - The heart rate recovery period decreases. - Blood volume increases as a result of increase in plasma volume and RBC counts. - Blood viscosity (thickness) decreases resulting good circulation and oxygen availability. - Blood flow to muscles increases due to more blood volume, effective blood redistribution and increased capillarization. - Reduction in resting blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic). |