Fault location

Fault type

circuit

The data of reactive power

Identification result

Q 1 ( kvar )

λ M

Q 3 ( kvar )

λ N

ρ Ι

Q 2 ( kvar )

Q 4 ( kvar )

ρ Ι Ι

fault occurs on line L4 at a distance of 50 km from bus N; transitional resistance is 200 Ω; fault initial angle is 15˚

CG

I circuit

1.8190

1.0000

6.1816e−03

1.000

2.9426e+02

External fault

II circuit

1.8190

6.1816e−03

2.9426e+02

External fault

BCG

I circuit

1.0422e+02

1.0000

5.6916e−01

1.000

1.8312e+02

External fault

II circuit

1.0422e+02

5.6916e−01

1.8312e+02

External fault

ABCG

I circuit

1.0422e+02

1.0000

5.6916e−01

1.000

1.8312e+02

External fault

II circuit

1.0422e+02

5.6916e−01

1.8312e+02

External fault

fault occurs on line L4 at a distance of 100 km from bus N; transitional resistance is 500 Ω; fault initial angle is 120˚

CG

I circuit

8.8781e−01

1.0000

3.3912e−03

1.000

2.6180e+02

External fault

II circuit

8.8781e−01

3.3912e−03

2.6180e+02

External fault

BCG

I circuit

4.1618e+01

1.0000

1.5589e−01

1.000

2.6697e+02

External fault

II circuit

4.1618e+01

1.5589e−01

2.6697e+02

External fault

ABCG

I circuit

4.1619e+01

1.0000

1.5589e−01

1.000

2.6698e+02

External fault

II circuit

4.1619e+01

1.5589e−01

2.6698e+02

External fault