Latent variables

observed variables

Factor loadings

Cronbach’ α

Psychological safety (PS)

PS1

0.885

0.902

PS2

0.903

PS3

0.808

Coworker relational identification (CRI)

CRI1

0.899

0.932

CRI2

0.776

CRI3

0.894

Teacher-student relational identification (TSRI)

TSRI1

0.872

0.866

TSRI2

0.880

TSRI3

0.815

Emotional engagement (EME)

EME1

0.868

0.959

EME2

0.911

EME3

0.921

EME4

0.715

Behavioral engagement (BHE)

BHE1

0.694

0.903

BHE2

0.908

BHE3

0.912