AO52 dye initial concentration (mg·L⁻¹)

4

6

8

10

12

R_L

Kao

Na-MMT

F13

F23

0.8471

0.7374

0.8196

0.3936

0.7870

0.6518

0.7518

0.3020

0.7348

0.5841

0.6944

0.2450

0.6891

0.5291

0.6451

0.2280

0.6488

0.4835

0.6024

0.1778