| Place Features | Apico-dental consonants | Blade-alveolar consonants | Lingua-palatal consonants | Dorso-velar consonants | |||||
| Organ Features | Tongue tip | The back of the upper incisors | Tongue tip | Alveolar ridge | Lingual surface | Anterior hard palate | The roof of the tongue | Velar | |
| Error Features | Treated Phonemes | ||||||||
| Articulation Errors | Phoneme distortion | /tsʰ, ts, s/ | /n, l/ | /tɕ, tɕʰ, ɕ/ |
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| Phoneme substitution |
| /t, tʰ/ |
| /k, kh/ | |||||
| Delayed Phonological Process | Backing |
| /t, tʰ/ |
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| Reduced Lateral |
| /l/ |
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