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| 4-year | 4.5-year | 5-year | 5.5-year | 6-year | 6.5-year | Total | Two-way ANOVA (group × age) | Tukey’s HSD | ||
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| F | p | ||||||||
Boys | Age | Barefoot group | Mean | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.4 | Group | 0.08 | 0.78 | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 |
(years) | (n = 299) | S.D. | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | Age | 4065.30 | 0.00* | ||
Interaction | 0.36 | 0.88 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.5 | ||||||
(n = 286) | S.D. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | ||||||
Height | Barefoot group | Mean | 100.1 | 103.4 | 106.8 | 109.7 | 113.7 | 116.2 | 108.0 | Group | 2.51 | 0.11 | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 | |
(cm) | (n = 299) | S.D. | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 6.9 | Age | 201.17 | 0.00* | ||
Interaction | 0.36 | 0.88 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 99.7 | 103.0 | 106.6 | 108.3 | 112.8 | 116.2 | 108.2 | ||||||
(n = 286) | S.D. | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 7.0 | ||||||
Body weight | Barefoot group | Mean | 16.0 | 16.1 | 17.4 | 17.9 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 18.0 | Group | 6.81 | 0.01* | Barefoot < non-barefoot | |
(kg) | (n = 299) | S.D. | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.8 | Age | 77.43 | 0.00* | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 | |
Interaction | 0.59 | 0.71 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 16.1 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 18.4 | 20.3 | 21.1 | 18.6 | ||||||
(n = 286) | S.D. | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.7 | ||||||
Girls | Age | Barefoot group | Mean | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.4 | Group | 3.63 | 0.06 | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 |
(years) | (n = 253) | S.D. | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | Age | 3474.83 | 0.00* | ||
Interaction | 0.59 | 0.70 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.4 | ||||||
(n = 252) | S.D. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 | ||||||
Height | Barefoot group | Mean | 99.0 | 102.9 | 106.2 | 109.9 | 113.4 | 116.0 | 107.1 | Group | 1.47 | 0.23 | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 | |
(cm) | (n = 253) | S.D. | 3.9 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 7.3 | Age | 172.96 | 0.00* | ||
Interaction | 0.90 | 0.48 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 99.2 | 103.6 | 105.3 | 108.1 | 112.4 | 116.0 | 107.3 | ||||||
(n = 252) | S.D. | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 6.6 | ||||||
Body weight | Barefoot group | Mean | 15.1 | 16.3 | 16.9 | 18.0 | 19.4 | 20.2 | 17.4 | Group | 14.48 | 0.00* | Barefoot < non-barefoot | |
(kg) | (n = 253) | S.D. | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.8 | Age | 64.72 | 0.00* | 4 < 4.5 < 5 < 5.5 < 6 < 6.5 | |
Interaction | 0.67 | 0.65 | ||||||||||||
Non-barefoot group | Mean | 16.0 | 16.9 | 17.8 | 18.3 | 19.8 | 21.5 | 18.3 | ||||||
(n = 252) | S.D. | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.7 |