Variable | Test | Statistic | Prob** | Cross- sections | Obs |
LGPIB | Ho: Unit root (common unit root) | ||||
Levin, Lin & Chu t* | −1.0576 | 0.1451 | 16 | 838 | |
Breitung t-stat | −1.3449 | 0.0893 | 16 | 822 | |
Ho: Unit root (individual unit root) | |||||
Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | −1.31808 | 0.0937 | 16 | 838 | |
ADF—Fisher Chi-square | 43.5176 | 0.0842 | 16 | 838 | |
PP—Fisher Chi-square | 38.8259 | 0.1891 | 16 | 864 | |
LIGPIB | Ho: Unit root (common unit root) | ||||
Levin, Lin & Chu t* | −1.00081 | 0.1585 | 16 | 858 | |
Breitung t-stat | −1.16582 | 0.1218 | 16 | 842 | |
Ho: Unit root (individual unit root) | |||||
Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | −1.2211 | 0.111 | 16 | 858 | |
ADF—Fisher Chi-square | 43.0943 | 0.0911 | 16 | 858 | |
PP—Fisher Chi-square | 28.712 | 0.6337 | 16 | 864 | |
LMPIB | Ho: Unit root (common unit root) | ||||
Levin, Lin & Chu t* | −2.40998 | 0.008 | 16 | 850 | |
Breitung t-stat | −0.03801 | 0.4848 | 16 | 834 |