Medicinal plant

Effect

Author

Year

Ref

Epimedium

Icariin

Regulation of osteoclast differentiation and enhancement of cementum repair,

Enhancement in osteogenic differentiation/No effect on cell proliferation,

Osteogenic activity in BMSCs and increase in bone volume and density in the defect area,

Improvement in bone healing process,

Enhancement in angiogenesis and mechanical properties of regenerative bone,

Inhibition of alveolar bone osteoporosis, Promotion of periodontal bone regeneration: periodontal structure regeneration

Enhancement in cellular attachment, proliferation and osteogenic activity in pre-osteoblastic cells

Soudi. A

Xu H

Xie Y

Zhang X

Gong M

Lai Y

Li M

Yin L

Wu Y,

Wang.F

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2015

2012

[43]

[160]

[161]

[100]

[162]

[163]

[164]

[165]

[166]

[167]

Aloe vera

Acemannan

Enhancement in rapid early healing process in bone defects

Enhancement of bone volume, surface and mineral density

Enhancement in osteogenic markers genes expression and periodontal regeneration

Enhancement in cellular proliferation, differentiation and matrix formation

Le Van C

Godoy DJD

Jansisyanont P

Escobedo-Lozano AY

Chantarawaratit P

Boonyagul S

2020

2018

2016

2014

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[85]

[168]

Salvadora persica (siwak/miswak)

Anticariogenic effects,

Treatment or prevention of periodontal diseases

Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity

Antibacterial effect: equal to or better than antibiotics widely used during periodontal therapy

Activation of stem cell proliferation and cell viability support

Aljarbou F

Mekhemar M

Farag M

Malik A,

Al Bayaty FH

Akhtar J

2022

2021

2018

2011

[169]

[91]

[170]

[171]

[172]

[173]

Rutin (buckwheat, japanese pagoda tree)

Osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

Zhao B

2020

2019

[92]

[174]

[175]

[176]

Berberine/ Berberis aristata

Odontoblastic differentiation and mineralization activity;

antibacterial activity

Enhances Runx2, osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) expression and activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Xin BC,

Wu A,

K. Tao,

Xie Q,

2020

2019

2016

2012

[96]

[177]

[95]

[97]

Drynaria fortunei

Increased bone cell viability, intracellular total protein as well as alkaline and acid phosphates.

Alaribe F N,

Udalamaththa DL,

Zhang P

2019

2016

2009

[104]

[103]

[120]