| N | Mean | SD | Sig | |||||
pretest | posttest | pretest | posttest | pretest | posttest | pretest | posttest | ||
1) Motivation | S1 | 91 | 79 | 3.57 | 3.44 | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.852 | 0.272 |
S2 | 86 | 91 | 3.60 | 3.57 | 0.67 | 0.64 | |||
S3 | 116 | 116 | 3.56 | 3.42 | 0.56 | 0.53 | |||
S4 | 118 | 118 | 3.48 | 3.52 | 0.62 | 0.53 | |||
S5 | 92 | 85 | 3.44 | 3.43 | 0.64 | 0.56 | |||
total | 503 | 489 | 3.53 | 3.48 | 0.63 | 0.57 | |||
2) Attitude | S1 | 93 | 79 | 3.42 | 3.39 | 0.60 | 0.56 | 0.372 | 0.403 |
S2 | 88 | 90 | 3.53 | 3.47 | 0.55 | 0.52 | |||
S3 | 120 | 114 | 3.52 | 3.37 | 0.55 | 0.45 | |||
S4 | 120 | 118 | 3.52 | 3.46 | 0.54 | 0.55 | |||
S5 | 92 | 86 | 3.45 | 3.40 | 0.55 | 0.53 | |||
total | 513 | 487 | 3.49 | 3.42 | 0.56 | 0.52 | |||
3) Intensity | S1 | 93 | 79 | 2.22 | 2.33 | 0.40 | 0.49 | 0.024 | 0.004 |
S2 | 88 | 91 | 2.23 | 2.22 | 0.39 | 0.38 | |||
S3 | 120 | 116 | 2.09 | 2.16 | 0.35 | 0.39 | |||
S4 | 120 | 118 | 2.11 | 2.12 | 0.34 | 0.34 | |||
S5 | 93 | 86 | 2.17 | 2.19 | 0.30 | 0.32 | |||
total | 514 | 490 | 2.15 | 2.20 | 0.36 | 0.39 | |||
4) Strategy | S1 | 91 | 76 | 3.05 | 3.18 | 0.69 | 0.53 | 0.596 | 0.602 |
S2 | 85 | 89 | 3.14 | 3.23 | 0.67 | 0.63 | |||
S3 | 116 | 112 | 3.13 | 3.11 | 0.52 | 0.40 | |||
S4 | 111 | 114 | 3.12 | 3.15 | 0.63 | 0.56 | |||
S5 | 92 | 85 | 3.05 | 3.15 | 0.62 | 0.60 | |||
total | 495 | 476 | 3.10 | 3.16 | 0.62 | 0.54 | |||
5) Anxiety | S1 | 92 | 74 | 3.12 | 3.17 | 0.62 | 0.48 | 0.499 | 0.566 |
S2 | 87 | 89 | 3.18 | 3.17 | 0.60 | 0.49 | |||
S3 | 118 | 112 | 3.15 | 3.18 | 0.47 | 0.37 | |||
S4 | 115 | 117 | 3.07 | 3.11 | 0.41 | 0.40 | |||
S5 | 92 | 84 | 3.03 | 3.09 | 0.44 | 0.51 | |||
total | 504 | 476 | 3.11 | 3.14 | 0.51 | 0.44 | |||
6) English levels | S1 | 93 | 79 | 1.34 | 1.44 | 0.63 | 0.72 | 0.000 | 0.550 |
S2 | 88 | 91 | 1.54 | 1.42 | 0.80 | 0.79 | |||
S3 | 117 | 116 | 1.41 | 1.51 | 0.58 | 0.71 | |||
S4 | 119 | 118 | 1.38 | 1.50 | 0.67 | 0.85 | |||
S5 | 93 | 86 | 1.97 | 1.61 | 1.03 | 0.82 | |||
total | 510 | 490 | 1.53 | 1.50 | 0.78 | 0.78 |