| Head nurses | Assistant head nurses | Advanced midwives | P value | ||
| Number (proportion) | 136 (11.9%) | 354 (31.1%) | 650 (57.0%) | ||
| mean years of midwifery experience (years) (SD) | 26.7 (5.6) | 21.0 (7.0) | 16.5 (7.3) | <0.0011) | |
| Age | 20s | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 20 (3.1) | <0.0012) |
| 30s | 2 (1.5) | 70 (19.8) | 298 (45.9) | ||
| 40s | 38 (27.9) | 182 (51.4) | 218 (33.5) | ||
| 50s | 94 (69.1) | 98 (27.7) | 106 (16.3) | ||
| 60s | 2 (1.5) | 4 (1.1) | 8 (1.2) | ||
| Educational institute at which a midwifery license was acquired | Vocational school | 88 (64.7) | 206 (58.2) | 336 (51.7) | <0.0012) |
| Department of junior college | 34 (25.0) | 100 (28.3) | 188 (28.9) | ||
| 4-year university | 0 (0) | 32 (9) | 70 (10.8) | ||
| University with having major | 8 (5.9) | 6 (1.7) | 46 (7.1) | ||
| Others | 6 (4.4) | 10 (2.8) | 10 (1.5) | ||
| Hospital type | University hospital | 42 (30.9) | 82 (23.2) | 200 (30.8) | 0.0012) |
| General hospital | 88 (64.7) | 254 (71.7) | 436 (67.1) | ||
| Other | 6 (4.4) | 18 (5.1) | 14 (2.1) | ||
| Presence of perinatal medical center | Yes | 100 (73.5) | 254 (71.7) | 464 (71.4) | |
| Not installed | 36 (26.5) | 100 (28.3) | 186 (28.6) | ||
| Department | Maternity ward | 52 (38.3) | 130 (36.7) | 228 (35.1) | <0.0012) |
| Obstetrics and gynecology ward | 24 (17.6) | 60 (17) | 148 (22.8) | ||
| Ward including obstetrics and gynecology and other clinical departments | 30 (22.1) | 80 (22.6) | 134 (20.6) | ||
| Maternal and fetal intensive care unit | 4 (2.9) | 56 (15.8) | 76 (11.7) | ||
| Neonatal intensive care unit | 14 (10.3) | 10 (2.8) | 20 (3.1) | ||
| Outpatient department | 4 (2.9) | 12 (3.4) | 20 (3.1) | ||
| Others | 8 (5.9) | 6 (1.7) | 24 (3.6) | ||
| Acceptance of midwifery practice maternity nursing practice or midwifery practical training | No | 14 (10.3) | 194 (54.8) | 572 (88) | <0.0012) |
| Yes | 122 (89.7) | 160 (45.2) | 78 (12) | ||
| First level training | 122 | 160 | 78 | ||
| Second level training | 64 | 12 | 6 | ||
| Third level training | 4 | 0 | 2 |