Fixed variables

Description of variables

Data type

Group size

Socials, Number of conspecifics within 3 m of focal hare, solitary (when there was no other animal within 3 m of focal hare)

Binary

Initial activities

The type of animal activity when observer started the approaching: either foraging or vigilant

Binary

Starting distance

Distance (m) between experimenter and focal hare when the former begins approach

Continuous

Distance to refuge

Distance (m) from each focal hare flight position to the nearest vegetation patches

Continuous

Trails number

Each number of trails was observations carried out for hare.

Continuous

Year

Year of study: 2015, 2019, 2020

Categorical

Seasons

Summer and winter observations for focal hare

Binary

Topography

Elevation

Altitudes converted into DEM by TIN in 3D analysis with projected UTM (43-N) for each coordinate of trials

Continuous

Viewshed

Viewshed analysis determines areas visible and not visible on a triangulated irregular network (TIN) from one (e.g., dense sampling sites) to many observation sites

Continuous

Vegetation height

Forest/shrubland height estimated, Tall (>5 m), grassland, barren land Short (<5 m)

Binary

Anthropogenic factor

Presences of humans

Presence of additional pedestrians within each transects (e.g. tourist hikers, livestock farmers, hunters)

Binary

Road

Distance from each location point to the periphery of the nearest roads including high-traffic and low-traffic roads

Continuous