Isotopes | Soreq Cave | Efrayim Cave | Jerusalem West Cave | Caiaphas Tomb | Nail 1 |
| West Judea hills | Jordan Rift valley | West Jerusalem | East Jerusalem | Caiaphas tomb (?) |
d18O (δ18O) | –5.7 to –5.3‰ | –5.5 to –2.0‰ | –6.0 to –4.6‰ | –3.9‰ | –4.89‰ |
δ13C (range) | –11.4 to –9.8‰ | –11.0 to –8.0‰ | –10 to –7‰ | –8.82‰ | –7.17‰ |
Period/time represented | Last ~5000 years | 67,000 to 24,000 yr B.P. | Last ~3000 years | 1st century CE to present | 1st century CE to present |