Cases Factors

Before DG placement

After DG placement using PSO

Reduction

% Reduction

Base case P_loss (MW)

9.482

5.914

3.568

37.63

Base case Q_loss (MVAR)

−9.897

−26.354

16.457

166.28

Total Number of congested lines during various contingencies

15

2

13

86.66

PI value for the outage of line 2 - 5

5.077

2.389

2.688

52.94

PI value for the outage of line 10 - 20

1.040

1.037

0.003

0.29