Ions

Before recycling

During recycling (Stage 3)

average C_m/C_c ^a

Hour 5

(end of Stage 1)

Day 3

(end of Stage 2)

Day 7

(after 4 d of recycling)

Day 14

(after 11 d of recycling)

C_m

C_c

C_m

C_c

C_m

C_c

C_m

C_c

Cl⁻

556

534

627

602

1220

1178

1740

1689

1.04

${\text{N-NO}}_3^{-}$

13

12

13

12

15

15

15

15

1.03

${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$

95

89

101

95

121

115

126

121

1.05

${\text{SO}}_4^{\text{2}-}$

164

154

170

156

201

186

226

211

1.08

${\text{P-PO}}_4^{3-}$

0.89

0.84

0.85

0.80

2.9

2.7

3.5

3.3

1.06

Na⁺

688

651

725

687

777

742

797

766

1.05

K⁺

34

32

34

33

45

44

51

50

1.03

Mg²⁺

16

15

16

15

22

21

28

26

1.07

Ca²⁺

203

187

209

193

240

225

301

284

1.07