Disease | Agent, vector and transmission route | Hydrologic interaction | Prevention |
Schistosomiasis | Infection by flatworm; worm larvae develop in freshwater snails and penetrate through human skin; infected humans transmit eggs through feces or urine which in turn infect snails | Host snails prefer standing or slow flowing waters; affected by irrigation projects | Improved sanitation, safe water access; prevention and control of snail vectors |
Dracunculiasis | Infection by roundworm; worm larvae ingested by and developed in water fleas. Ingestion of contaminated water, fleas release larva into human body where worms mature | Worm larvae ingested by and developed in water fleas | Safe drinking water supplies, filtering of water |