| Cover image name | El-Alfy and Al-Sadi method [50] | Our method α = 3, β = 1 | ||
| EC (bits) | PSNR (dB) | EC (bits) | PSNR (dB) | |
| Panel a | ||||
| Lena | 820,150 | 35.56 | 935,721 | 35.38 |
| Peppers | 815,337 | 35.05 | 930,439 | 35.23 |
| Boat | 845,209 | 33.34 | 940,190 | 34.59 |
| Baboon | 921,399 | 29.90 | 964,208 | 33.78 |
| Elaine | 820,296 | 36.42 | 935,387 | 35.69 |
| Average | 844,478 | 34.05 | 941,189 | 34.93 |
| Cover image name | Khodaei and Faez method using first range table and k = 3 bits [52] | Our method α = 2, β = 1 | ||
| EC (bits) | PSNR (dB) | EC (bits) | PSNR (dB) | |
| Panel b | ||||
| Lena | 788,407 | 37.35 | 799,796 | 38.15 |
| Peppers | 787,506 | 35.68 | 797,927 | 37.59 |
| Boat | 792,319 | 36.09 | 806,216 | 36.61 |
| Jet | 788,685 | 36.81 | 796,643 | 37.45 |
| Baboon | 806,411 | 34.45 | 831,288 | 35.46 |
| Tiffany | 787,389 | 37.63 | 796,893 | 38.25 |
| Average | 791,786 | 36.34 | 804,794 | 37.25 |